mongodb 快速入门

什么是 mongodb

有哪些好处？（外面是这样流传的）

1. 对比传统主流数据库，比较‘新’。
2. 非关系数据库。没有结构的约束，扩展，速度会更‘快’
3. 适合填坑的你…

环境配置

1. mongodb 下载
2. 解压 mongo 安装包

   tar -zxvf ./mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.10.tgz

3. 配置环境变量

   MONGO_HOME=/root/mydata/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.10

4. 开启 mongod 服务

   

   注意这是非守护进程方式，一关后面就连接不上了

   [root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz mydata]# mongo
   MongoDB shell version v3.4.10
   connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
   2018-05-31T11:30:51.137+0800 W NETWORK  [thread1] Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1:27017, in(checking socket for error after poll), reason: Connection refused
   2018-05-31T11:30:51.137+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: couldn't connect to server 127.0.0.1:27017, connection attempt failed :
   connect@src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:237:13
   @(connect):1:6
   exception: connect failed

5. 链接 mongo

   [root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz mydata]# mongo
   MongoDB shell version v3.4.10
   connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
   MongoDB server version: 3.4.10
   >

配置 mongod

简单的一些修改

1. 数据库路径
   路径文件夹需要提前建好

mongod --dbpath /your path

2. 日志文件路径

mongod --logpath /your path

3. 修改端口 port

mongod --port 12345

关闭进程

1. shutdownServer

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
2018-05-31T11:40:56.277+0800 I NETWORK  [thread1] trying reconnect to 127.0.0.1:27017 (127.0.0.1) failed
2018-05-31T11:40:56.277+0800 W NETWORK  [thread1] Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1:27017, in(checking socket for error after poll), reason: Connection refused
2018-05-31T11:40:56.277+0800 I NETWORK  [thread1] reconnect 127.0.0.1:27017 (127.0.0.1) failed failed

2. kill

[root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz ~]# ps -aux |grep mongo
root     12185  0.7  3.9 942148 40512 pts/1    Sl+  11:43   0:00 mongod
root     12212  0.0  0.0 112660   972 pts/2    R+   11:44   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo
[root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz ~]# kill -9 12185

3. shutdown

[root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz ~]# mongod --shutdown
killing process with pid: 12213

配置文件

1. 指定配置文件方式
   指定配置文件 –config , -f

2. 编写配置文件（YAML 范式）

# 守护开启
processManagement:
  fork: true
# 系统日志
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: "/root/mydata/mongo/mongod.log"
  logAppend: true
# 数据库存储位置
storage:
  dbPath: "/root/mydata/mongo/data/db"
# 安全
security:
  authorization: enabled

守护配置

参考配置文件，如果你没有配置，就–fork 开启守护模式

[root@izj6c8pmxwulw3fkf18zqqz ~]# mongod -f /root/mydata/mongo/conf/mongod.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 12343
child process started successfully, parent exiting

权限

1. 添加权限用户

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser({
...     user:"xxx_dba",
...     pwd:"xxxxxx",
...     roles:[{
...         role:"userAdminAnyDatabase",
...         db:"admin"
...     }]
... })
Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "eminoda_dba",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}
>

2. 开启权限模式

mongod -f /root/mydata/mongo/conf/mongod.conf --auth

3. 按照权限操作不同功能

> use admin
switched to db admin
> show dbs
2018-05-31T14:26:11.129+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: listDatabases failed:{
	"ok" : 0,
	"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }",
	"code" : 13,
	"codeName" : "Unauthorized"
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
Mongo.prototype.getDBs@src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:62:1
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:781:19
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:671:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
> db.auth('xxx_dba','xxxxxx')
1
> show dbs
admin  0.000GB
local  0.000GB

4. 显示用户

> show users
{
	"_id" : "admin.xxx_dba",
	"user" : "xxx_dba",
	"db" : "admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}

常用操作命令

数据库操作

1. 显示当前库

> db
test

2. 切换（添加）数据库
   后续 insert 一条数据，新增数据库就会出现

> use eminoda_db
switched to db eminoda_db

3. 显示数据库

> show dbs
admin       0.000GB
eminoda_db  0.000GB
local       0.000GB

4. 删除数据库

> db
eminoda_db
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "eminoda_db", "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs
admin  0.000GB
local  0.000GB

CRUD

1. 增

db.user.insertOne({
    name:'eminoda',
    age:28
})

2. 删

db.user.deleteOne({
    name:'eminoda'
})

3. 改

db.user.updateMany({
    name:'eminoda'
},{
    $set:{
        age:28
    }
})

4. 查

# 条件判断
db.user.find({
    age:{
        $gt:28
    }
})
db.user.find({
    $or:[{
        name:'zhang3'
    },{
        age:28
    }]
})

帮助资料（基本都来自官网）

• mongo
• mongod
• 管理 mongod 进程
• mongod 配置-关于启动运行
• mongod 配置文件详解
• security 目录
• roles 角色介绍
• 创建一个授权用户
• 创建 auth，基本够用了
• db 相关操作
• query

参考

[mongodb vs mysql]https://blog.panoply.io/mongodb-and-mysql > MongoDB 等 NoSQL 与关系型数据库相比，有什么优缺点及适用场景？